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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*samala ?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"tarface="Times New Roman Star"деготь



face="Times New Roman Star"samla, samala (MA, AH, CCum.)








face="Times New Roman Star"sъw|mala













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 399. It is also worth noting Bashk. humalaq 'lump of clay' and Tat. sumala 'tar' (possibly < Chuv.). Федотов 2, 23-24. The word is attested quite late and is usually regarded as borrowed < Russ. смола. This might be true, but let us note that no other Russian words were hitherto discovered in Chagatai.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jakyl-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of small hawkface="Times New Roman Star"вид небольшого ястреба


face="Times New Roman Star"jag|ylbajface="Times New Roman Star"jag|labaj (Ettuhf.)




face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|ylbaj
face="Times New Roman Star"jan|albaj 'siskin'





face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ag|almajface="Times New Roman Star"z?ag|altaj
face="Times New Roman Star"jag|ylbaj





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 186, ЭСТЯ 4, 10-11.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:pface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"canal, ditchface="Times New Roman Star"канал



face="Times New Roman Star"jap (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"jo|p


face="Times New Roman Star"ja:p








face="Times New Roman Star"z?|apface="Times New Roman Star"z?ap




face="Times New Roman Star"z?ap

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 187, ЭСТЯ 4, 129 (with suggestion of an Iranian source: Khwar. ya:b 'water').
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.l(y)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to rise 2 jump upface="Times New Roman Star"1 подниматься 2 подпрыгиватьface="Times New Roman Star"qaly- (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qaly- (MK, KB) 2face="Times New Roman Star"kalk(y)- 2, kal-dyr- (caus.)face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- 1,2face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- (Pav. C., Буд.) 1, (Houts., IM) 2, qal-dur- (caus.) (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- 1, qalqi- 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"Galx- 1, Gal-dyr- (caus.)face="Times New Roman Star"Galk- 1, Gal-dyr- (caus.)face="Times New Roman Star"xaly- 1,2 (dial. Sag.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qaly- 1,2

face="Times New Roman Star"kylyj- 1,2
face="Times New Roman Star"xaly- 1,2
face="Times New Roman Star"qalqy- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qalqy- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"qalqy- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qalq- 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 226, ЭСТЯ 5, 224-226.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 pest, epidemic 2 mischief 3 archenemyface="Times New Roman Star"1 чума, эпидемия 2 несчастье 3 заклятый враг
face="Times New Roman Star"qyr (jag|y) 3face="Times New Roman Star"kyran 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qiran 2



face="Times New Roman Star"Gyr (dus?man) 3




face="Times New Roman Star"kyr (o"sto":x) 3












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 265, ЭСТЯ 6, 224. Cf. also PT *Kurul- 'to have cramps' (VEWT 304).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyp-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 spark 2 ashesface="Times New Roman Star"1 искра 2 зола


face="Times New Roman Star"qypqyn 1





face="Times New Roman Star"xybyn 1,2
face="Times New Roman Star"qybyn 1, qybyr 2

face="Times New Roman Star"kybyan 1


face="Times New Roman Star"qypyn 1face="Times New Roman Star"qypqyn 2







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 263, 265, Лексика 369, ЭСТЯ 6, 223.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jan|yr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"lonely, singleface="Times New Roman Star"одинокий, единственныйface="Times New Roman Star"jan|us (Yen.)





face="Times New Roman Star"jan|g|ys
face="Times New Roman Star"jan|g|yz (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|ys, nag|ys
face="Times New Roman Star"d'an|ys

face="Times New Roman Star"sog|otox
face="Times New Roman Star"c?an|ys; jan|g|ys (Todzh.)face="Times New Roman Star"n/u:?sface="Times New Roman Star"z?|an|g|yz

face="Times New Roman Star"jan|g|yzface="Times New Roman Star"z?|an|g|yz




face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 187, ДТС 235, ЭСТЯ 4, 98. Usually regarded as a contraction < jalan|g|uz, which is probably wrong in the face of external evidence.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Al/uface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"red clay, ochreface="Times New Roman Star"красная глина
face="Times New Roman Star"as?u (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"as?y, dial. as?u, as?ur, Osmanli as?u
face="Times New Roman Star"as?y (AH 6)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 30, EDT 256, Лексика 376.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ekerface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"hunting dogface="Times New Roman Star"охотничья собака


face="Times New Roman Star"ige|r (Sib.)face="Times New Roman Star"iger (Буд.)





face="Times New Roman Star"egerface="Times New Roman Star"egerface="Times New Roman Star"egerface="Times New Roman Star"agar jytti ( > Hung. aga/r, see Gombocz 1912)





face="Times New Roman Star"eger (Kum.)face="Times New Roman Star"ige|r 'a bastard of a wolf and a dog'





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 38, 23.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?A:kaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"new-born childface="Times New Roman Star"новорожденный ребенок, детеныш

face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a (dial.); c?ag|a 'young of birds' (Old Osm. XIV c.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|aface="Times New Roman Star"c?aqa (Pav. C.), (Xwar.) c?aqa 'young of birds' (Фазылов 2, 511)face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqalo|q, (Tashk.) c?aqaface="Times New Roman Star"bala-c?aqa 'children' (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|aface="Times New Roman Star"c?a:Ga








face="Times New Roman Star"bala-c?aqa 'children'face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyl s?aqa 'quite naked (of young of animals)'face="Times New Roman Star"bala-s?ag|a 'children'



face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyl s?aqa 'quite naked (of young of animals)'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 96, Менгес 1979, 170.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?y:gan/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 poor 2 mischief 3 impolite, roughface="Times New Roman Star"1 бедный 2 беда, несчастье 3 грубый, неучтивыйface="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|an/ (Orkh.), c?yg|aj (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj (MK), c?yg|an (MK - Argu) 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj, c?yg|an (dial.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj (R), c?yg|an (R, Pav. C.) 1




face="Times New Roman Star"sa:j 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?a:j 2












face="Times New Roman Star"c?yjyr 2 (with an unexplained -r)

face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|yn 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 107, EDT 408-409, Лексика 334. Chuv. c?uxan 'poor' may be of different origin (cf. an aberrant reflex of *g), cf. c?ux 'mediocre', c?uxъ 'poor' ( < *jok?).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kac?-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"slantingface="Times New Roman Star"косой

face="Times New Roman Star"kac?ykface="Times New Roman Star"qaz|aj- (Sib.)





face="Times New Roman Star"xaz?|y-, xasxax 'bent backward'face="Times New Roman Star"qazyr- 'to bend'

face="Times New Roman Star"xos/- 'to bend'

face="Times New Roman Star"xaz?yj-tyr










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217, Ашм. XVI, 242-246.
face="Times New Roman Star"*TAramface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 sinew, sinew thread 2 strandface="Times New Roman Star"1 сухожилие, жильная нить 2 прядь, клок (волос)


face="Times New Roman Star"taram 2; taramys? (КСТТ) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"taram 2face="Times New Roman Star"taram (R) 1



face="Times New Roman Star"taram 1face="Times New Roman Star"taram (R) 1





face="Times New Roman Star"taramys? 1face="Times New Roman Star"taramys 1face="Times New Roman Star"taramys 1face="Times New Roman Star"taramys? 1


face="Times New Roman Star"taramys 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 463. Usually considered to be derived from *tar- 'to be divided, go apart', which is rather strange semantically.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":leface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 slave, servant 2 bastard 3 co-ruler, ministerface="Times New Roman Star"1 слуга, раб 2 незаконнорожденный 3 соправительface="Times New Roman Star"ko"l (? ku"l) an Old Turkic title (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l ( ? ku"l) 3 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l 3


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"le 1face="Times New Roman Star"ko":le 2face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmo"k 'people'





face="Times New Roman Star"xo"l 'guests that have arrived'










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288.
face="Times New Roman Star"*imenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"oak treeface="Times New Roman Star"дуб


face="Times New Roman Star"ime|n
face="Times New Roman Star"eman


face="Times New Roman Star"imen

face="Times New Roman Star"ermen
face="Times New Roman Star"joman, NW o"man













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 42, Егоров 348, Лексика 124, Федотов 2, 485. Cf. Mong. iman bor 'a k. of reddish tree (with black bark and round leaves)' (may be a Turkism).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:nc?okface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"beads, small balls as ornamentsface="Times New Roman Star"бусы, маленькие шарики в качестве украшенийface="Times New Roman Star"monc?uq (Orkh., OUIgh.)face="Times New Roman Star"monc?uq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bonz?|ukface="Times New Roman Star"muncaq (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"mync?ag| (Sangl.), bunz?|uq (Pav. C.), munc?aq (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"munc?o|qface="Times New Roman Star"monc?aq (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"munz?|ug|face="Times New Roman Star"mo:nz?|uqface="Times New Roman Star"monc?yx, monn/yx (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"*munz?|uq




face="Times New Roman Star"monc?oqface="Times New Roman Star"mons?aq
face="Times New Roman Star"munsaq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"minc?aqface="Times New Roman Star"bonz?|uqface="Times New Roman Star"munz?|axface="Times New Roman Star"mons?aq
face="Times New Roman Star"minc?aqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 340, EDT 349, ЭСТЯ 7. One can argue that this form is derived from *bo:jn 'neck' (in old sources the word is usually reserved for neck ornaments). Forms like mojyn-c?a-k, attested in Tat., Bashk., Nogh., Kirgh., as well as Chag. mync?ag|, KBalk., Kum. minc?aq should be probably explained that way; but the form *bo:n-c?ok itself may rather reflect earlier *mo:n|i-c?`V(k`V) 'round ornament', with secondary contaminations. Turk. > Russ. munc?akъ, see Аникин 395.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?an|yl/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"guelder rose, viburnumface="Times New Roman Star"калина









face="Times New Roman Star"san|ys, sa:sface="Times New Roman Star"s?an|ys?, s?an|as?face="Times New Roman Star"c?an|ys?






face="Times New Roman Star"s?en|gel







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99, 401.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tor-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 cranberry, bilberry 2 elder 3 mossface="Times New Roman Star"1 клюква, черника 2 бузина 3 мох









face="Times New Roman Star"torslas 2 (Sag.), torbas 3face="Times New Roman Star"torslas? 2, torbas 3, torbas c?estegi 1face="Times New Roman Star"torbos 1, 3















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 490, Дмитриева 181, 192. A local Siberian word with somewhat unclear morphological structure.
face="Times New Roman Star"*An/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"onion, edible rootface="Times New Roman Star"сарана









face="Times New Roman Star"aj (Koib.)





face="Times New Roman Star"ajface="Times New Roman Star"aj
face="Times New Roman Star"a:j, aj (Katanov)







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"glinface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"pheasantface="Times New Roman Star"фазан
face="Times New Roman Star"su"glin, su"vlin (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"n
face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n, su"glu"n (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n


face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"nface="Times New Roman Star"su"len 'heron'face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"len 'heron, stork' (?)













face="Times New Roman Star"su"jlin (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 435, EDT 820-821, ЭСТЯ 7.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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